This is really easy:
“Exclude” are files/folders that you want to exclude in your backup, i.e.: C:\OLDBACKUPS\**\*

“Except” are files and folders WITHIN those excludes, that needs to be backuped, i.e.: C:\OLDBACKUPS\Newfiles\*.*

So in this example, you will not backup anything under C:\OLDBACKUPS except from the folder “Newfiles”.

The Documentation about this topic can be found here:
https://documentation.commvault.com/11.24/expert/58503_filters.html

i got it.

I finally understood 

Thank you!!